Clamping assembly having self-held pressure plates



| A. SHUPE. 2,667,949

HELD PRESSURE PLATES Feb. 2, 1954 CLAMPING ASSEMBLY HAVING SELF- FiledDec. 15, 1951 Patented Feb. 2, 1954 CLAMPING ASSEMBLY HAVING SELF-HELDPRESSURE PLATES Leslie A. Shupe, Pittsburgh, Pa., assignor to Allis-Chalmers Manufacturing Company, Milwaukee,

Wis.

Application December 15, 1951, Serial No. 261,7 89

This invention relates to clamping structures, and in particular, to aclamping frame for electric induction apparatus.

Reactor and transformer type electric induction apparatus have clampingframes for holding the core and for holding the windin which isassociated with the core. The clamping frame for the winding may beattached to the core clamping frame by being bolted or welded thereto.

When the winding of such apparatus encircles a winding leg of the coreas in the so-called core type transformer construction, the angle orchannel members of the core clamping frame which are abutted against theyokes of the core have end portions which extend beyond the outer edgesof the core and which overhang the core leg. Such extended portionsprovide a frame against which the part of the winding which is outsidethe core may abut. Since those portions are merely extensions of anglesor channels on opposite sides of the core, it is the practice to addmembers between the extended portions. These added members are arrangedso that with flanges of the angles or channels on the sides of the core,they provide a substantially flat surface abutted against insulation atthe end of the winding which serves as a pressure plate for axiallyclamping the winding.

It is necessary to provide a substantially continuous flat surfaceabutted against the ends of the winding in order to prevent deformationof the winding because of mechanical stresses which result from highcurrents.

It has been the practice to weld and bolt relatively small angles orchannel supports to the back sides of those extending portions of thecore frame and then to add flt pressure plates between those extendingportions by bolting or welding the pressure plates to the supports.Since the pressure plates and the flanges of the angles or channelsclamped to the side of the core form a substantially continuous flatsurface abutted against insulation at the end of the winding, it is notpractical to merely bolt or weld the pressure plates to the flanges ofthe extended portions. It therefore has been considered necessary to addthe supporting members referred to above.

Havin in mind the disadvantages of these core and coil frames from thepoint of view of their cost in labor and material, it is an object ofthis invention to reduce the amount of material utilized in themanufacture of a core and coil frame for electric induction apparatus.

Another object of the invention is to reduce the labor which is requiredto make and assem- 3 Claims. (01. 189-34) 2 ble the clamping frame forthe core and coils of electrical induction apparatus.

Still another object of the invention is to provide a strong integralclamping frame with a minimum of material by utilizing the function ofsome of the parts of the frame to hold and confine other parts withoutfixedly attaching those other parts in making the frame.

These and other objects will become apparent to those skilled in the artto which this invention relates from the following description when readin connection with accompanying drawing, in which:

Fig. 1 is an elevation view partly in section of a transformer core andcoil assembly embodying this invention;

Fig. 2 is an enlarged view in perspective of a portion of electricalapparatus shown in Fig. '1.

A core type transformer is shown upright in the drawing although theinvention is applicable to apparatus standing in any position. The coreof the transformer, of laminated magnetic material, is represented inthis instance as having a rectangular shape with two winding legs 12, I3and two yokes l4, 15 with the lengthwise directions of the yokessubstantially normal to the lengthwise direction of the winding legs.There are two sets of tubular windings H, I8 which respectively surroundthe winding legs l2, 13. These windings are conventional, comprising lowvoltage coils i9 surrounded by insulating barriers 20 and disk type highvoltage coils 2| between which there are radial spacers 22. The ends ofthe windings include standard insulation represented by numerals 24 and25. This includes yoke pads, washers, washer fillers, spacers andbuiltup blocks. These materials may be compressed to some extent whenthe winding is tightly clamped.

The transformer has a core and coil clamping frame. For this purposethere are four flanged members 3|, 32, 33-, 34 which are angle irons inthis instance. These flanged members are disposed with their lengthwisedirection extending along the lengthwise direction of the yokes. Oneside of the upper yoke M is abutted by an upstanding side of member 31,and the opposite side of the upper poke is abutted by an upstanding sideof member 32.

The flange of member 3| which in this instance is side 38 extendslaterally from one side of the core. Likewise, the flange or side 39 ofmember 32 extends laterally from the other side of the core. Thus, theouter surfaces 40, M of the flanges 38, 39 abut the top end of thewinding ll Each of the angle irons or flanged members associated withthe upper yoke has an end portion which extends beyond the edge 49 ofthe corner of the core where the winding leg and yoke are joined.

The extending portions 42, 43 of the members 3|, 32 respectively haveflanges which provide flat surfaces against which the end of the windingcan abut. However, they do not provide an abutting surface for thewinding between the two extending portions 42, 43 and for that part ofthe winding an abutting surface must be added to the frame.

In order to provide a solid abutting surface in the same plane as theouter surface of the flanges, an intermediate element of any suitableform such as a series of rods or a single plate it is added to theclamping frame. This is best done by first forming a notch in theextended portion 42 and a similar notch in the extended portion Thenotch in the extended portion 42 of member 3| is common to the outersurfaces of the two legs or sides of the member and is formed at theintersection of those two sides.

The notch may, as shown, extend completely through areas of the members3!, 32 so long as the notch is defined by wall surfaces of the member onfour sides. These surfaces are a recessed surface formin an edge in theupstanding side, a recessed edge surface 52 in the lateral side andsectional surfaces 53, 54 spaced longitudinally of the member and commonto both of the sides of the member. The spaced sectional wall sur facesform ends of the notch. Preferably, the two recessed edge surfaces areperpendicular to each other, and the ends of the notch are parallel toeach other and are perpendicular to each of the recessed edge surfaces.Opposite end portions 47, 48 respectively of the plate 46 are located inlocated in notches which areformed in those extended portions. .The coreand coil clamping frame also includes similarly held pressure plates atthe other end of both the upper and the lower yokes.

Suitable means are provided for clamping the angle irons against theagainst the upper yoke, and tie rods coact with upper and lower angleirons so that a force can be exerted by the flanges and the pressureplate against the ends of the wind-- ing. This is shown as a tie rod 62which coa consideration of the description of the illustratedembodiment. Briefly, the pairs of yoke clamping members, against whichparts of the Winding abuts, are formed so that they confine and positionan unattached pressure plate. In forming those members to confine thepressure plate there is provided two spaced edges, one in the upstandingside of each member. These edges are caused to be pressed on oppositeend portions of one surface of the pressure plate, thereby firmlyholding the plate and evenly pressing the plate against an end of thewinding.

Although but one embodiment of the present invention has beenillustrated and described, it will be apparent to one skilled in the artthat various changes and modifications may be made therein withoutdeparting from the spirit of the invention or from the scope of theappended claims.

I claim:

1. A support including a pair of members spaced apart, each of aidmembers having a. portion extending laterally away from the othermember, each of said members having a notch therein; the notch in eachmember defining a recessed surface disposed in a plane substantiallynormal to said portion of the member, an edge spaced from said recessedsurface and recessed from said portion of the member, and sectionalsurfaces spaced apart and in planes substantially normal to saidrecessed surface; and an element extending between said members, saidelement having opposite ends thereof confined between said recessedsurfaces of said two members, said element having opposite sides thereofconfined at one end portion of the element between said spaced sectionalsurfaces of one said member and at the other end portion of the elementbetween said spaced sectional surfaces of the other said member, saidelement having one surface abutted at one end portion thereof by saidedge of one said member and abutted at the other end portion thereof bysaid edge of the other said member, said element having an oppositesurface disposed to abut an object, whereby said element coacts withsaid members and said object to pre vent it's being displaced fromassociation with said members and said object and combines with saidmembers to abut said object.

spaced from each other and disposed in the same plane, a notch in eachof said members; said notch in each member defined by a recessed surfaceextending substantially normal to said clamping surface of the member,an edge recessed from said clamping surface of the member and spacedfrom said recessed surface, and two sectional surfaces spaced apart andin planes substantially normal to said recessed surface; means forclamping said members to said object and an intermediate plate extendingbetween said spaced sectional surfaces of one said member and at theother end portion of the intermediate plate between said spacedsectional surfaces of the other said member, and said intermediate platehaving a surface opposite said one surface abutted at one end portion ofsaid intermediate plate by said recessed edge of one said member andabutted at the other end portion of said intermediate plate by saidrecessed edge of the other said member, whereby said intermediate platecoacts with said members and is restrained from being displaced andfirmly abuts said object. 3. A clamping assembly for a first object anda second object comprising first and second members, each said memberhaving a first surface and a second surface with said first surfacedisposed in a plane at an angle of approximately 90 to the plane of saidsecond surface, said first and second surfaces of each memberintersecting,

said second surfaces of said two members being disposed in the sameplane and spaced from each other, said firstv surfaces of said twomembers being in substantially parallel planes spaced from each otherthe approximate distance said second surfaces are spaced part, saidsecond surfaces disposed to abut said second object, one of said firstsurfaces being disposed to abut one side of said first object and theother of said first surfaces being disposed to abut the opposite side ofsaid-first object, each of said members being notched at theintersection of said two surfaces of the member to define a first edgerecessed from said first surface of the member, a second edge spacedfrom said second object and recessed from said plane of said secondsurface, and two spaced edge surfaces in planes substantially normal tosaid first and second surfaces of the member, a plate disposed in thespace between said members with a surface thereof in the plane of saidsecond surfaces of said two members, said plate having opposite endportions in the'notches of. said twomembers, said plate having oppositeside edges disposed between said two spaced edge surfaces of each ofsaid members, having opposite ends between said first edges of said twomembers, and having one surface abutted by said second edges of said twomembers and an opposite surface abutting said second object.

4. A clamping assembly for a first object and a second object comprisingthe combination of first and second members each having a first surfaceand a second surface disposed in planes at an angle of 90 to each other,said first surfaces of said two members being spaced from each other insubstantially parallel planes and disposed to abut opposite sides ofsaid first object, said second surfaces of said two members being in thesame plane and spaced from each other the approximate distance saidfirst surfaces are spaced apart, means for clamping said first surfacesagainst opposite sides of said first object, said second surfacesabutting said second object, each of said members having a portionlongitudinallyextending beyond said first object with a notch at theintersection of its said surfaces of said extending portion; each saidnotch defined by a first edge recessed from said first surface of themember, a second edge recessed from said second surface of the member,and two spaced edge surfaces each being in a plane substantially normalto said first and second surfaces of the member; and a plate havingopposite end portions confined in the notches of said two members byhaving opposite ends between said first edges of said members oppositesides between said spaced edge surfaces of each of said members, onesurface abutted by said second edges of said two members and an oppositesurface in the plane of said second surfaces of said two members andabutting said second object.

5. A clamping assembly for a first object and a second object comprisingthe combination of a first member, asecond member, each of said membershaving a web and aflange intersecting -each other with an angle shapedcross section,

said webs of said two members being substantially parallel to each otherand abutting opposite sides of said first object, said flanges extendingin opposite directions away from said first object, first means forclamping said webs of said members against the opposite sides of saidfirst object to bring said webs of said members to a first predetermineddistance apart, each of said members having a portion longitudinallyextending beyond said first object with a notch at the intersection ofits said web and its said flange; each said notch defined by a firstedge recessed from said web of the member, a second edge recessed fromsaid flange of the member and two spaced edge surfaces each being in aplane substantially normal said web and said flange of the member; saidfirst edges of said members spaced at a' second predetermined dis tancewhen said members are clamped by said first means, a plate extendingbetween said flanges and having opposite end portions thereof confinedin the notches of said members, said plate having a length intermediatesaid first and said second distances, each said end portion of saidplate being surrounded on three sides by one of said flanges by saidplate having opposite ends between said first edges of said members andopposite sides between said spaced edge surfaces of each of saidmembers,said plate having one surface abutted by said second edges of said twomembers and an opposite surface of said plate in the plane of saidflanges of the two members and abutting said second object, and secondclamping means coacting with said two members to force said flangesagainst said second object and to cause said second edges of said twomembers to abut said plate to force said plate against said secondobject.

6. A clamping assembly for a first object and a second object comprisingthe combination of a first member, a second member, each of said membershaving a web and a flange intersecting each other with an angle shapedcross section, said webs of said two members being substantiallyparallel to each other and abutting opposite sides of said first object,said flanges extending in opposite directions away from said firstobject, means for clamping said webs of said members against theopposite sides of said first object to bring said webs of said membersto a first predetermined distance apart, each of said members having aportion longitudinally extending beyond said first object with a notchat the intersection of its said web and its said flange; each said notchdefined by a first edge recessed from said web of the member, a secondedge recessed from said flange of the member and two spaced edgesurfaces each being in a plane substantially normal the said web andsaid flange of the member; said first edges of said members spaced at asecond predetermined distance when said members are clamped by saidmeans, a plate extending between said flanges and having opposite endportions thereof confined in the notches of said members, said platehaving a length intermediate said first and second distances, each saidend portion of said plate being surrounded on three

